Journal of Community Health Provision

Literature Review: The Effect of Folic Acid and Vitamin B6 Content in Dates on Ovulation Quality in Women of Childbearing Age

Sarmila Mustakim, Nasruddin Andi Mappaware, Suzanna J.M Siegers — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Ovulation quality is a crucial component of reproductive health in women of childbearing age because it plays a role in successful fertilization and the sustainability of the reproductive process. Ovulation quality is influenced by oocyte maturation, follicle development, hormonal balance, and ovarian environmental conditions. Nutritional status, particularly adequate intake of folic acid and vitamin B6, is known to play a crucial role in supporting this process. Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are a natural food source containing folic acid, vitamin B6, and bioactive compounds that have the potential to support ovarian function. This study aims to examine the effect of folic acid and vitamin B6 content in dates on ovulation quality in women of childbearing age. The method used was a literature review with a narrative design. Data were obtained from national and international journal articles relevant to the nutritional content of dates, the role of folic acid and vitamin B6, and their relationship to ovulation quality. Data were analyzed descriptively by grouping findings based on the biological mechanisms involved in ovulation. The study results indicate that folic acid plays a role in deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and oocyte maturation through the one-carbon metabolic pathway, while vitamin B6 plays a role in regulating homocysteine metabolism and ovarian metabolic balance. Furthermore, the bioactive compounds in dates have the potential to help suppress oxidative stress, which can damage oocyte quality. The conclusions of this study suggest that dates have the potential to support ovulation quality through complementary nutritional and biological mechanisms, although further clinical research is needed to strengthen the evidence directly.

Management of Paranoid Schizophrenia with Suicide Risk and Command Hallucinations in a Religious Leader Post-COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Gemilang Mutsaqqofa Arsyadana, Era Catur Prasetya — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Paranoid schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder manifested by hallucinations and delusions. This case report presents the comprehensive management of a thirty three year old male religious leader diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, who exhibited a high psychiatric emergency risk of suicide attempts driven by command hallucinations. Clinical evaluation revealed that the exacerbation of psychotic symptoms was triggered by the interaction between neurobiological vulnerability post coronavirus infection and chronic psychosocial stress due to severe financial debt. The patient displayed somatic symptoms, panic attacks, and massive suicidal ideation. Combination pharmacotherapy using chlorpromazine and risperidone proved effective in reducing positive symptoms and acute agitation during the stabilization phase. Nevertheless, the prognosis is considered poor due to persistent environmental stressors including family conflicts. A holistic approach involving psychoeducation is absolutely necessary to prevent relapse and mitigate fatal risks in the future.

The Effect of Ajwa Date (Phoenix dactylifera L., var. Ajwa) Phytonutrients in the Regulation of Male Reproductive Hormones (LH, FSH, Testosterone): A Literature Review

Mutiara, Nasruddin Andi Mappaware, Nasaruddin Nawir — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Regulation of reproductive hormones is an important component of male reproductive health because it plays a crucial role in spermatogenesis, sexual function, and fertility. The balance of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone is influenced by the integrity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and the condition of the testicular microenvironment. Oxidative stress and inflammation are known to impair Leydig cell function and reduce the efficiency of steroidogenesis. Ajwa dates (Phoenix dactylifera L., var. Ajwa) are a natural food source rich in phytonutrients, including polyphenols and flavonoids, which exhibit antioxidant activity and protective effects on testicular tissue. This literature review aims to examine the role of Ajwa date phytonutrients in the regulation of male reproductive hormones, particularly LH, FSH, and testosterone. The method used was a literature review with a narrative review design, conducted through searches of the PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases. The literature analyzed included experimental studies, clinical studies, and review articles published within the last ten years. Data were analyzed descriptively and narratively by grouping findings according to key biological mechanisms. The results indicate that phytonutrients from Ajwa dates and other parts of the date palm contribute to the reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation, improvement of testicular structure and function, and enhancement of testosterone production, with generally minimal changes in LH and FSH levels. In addition, under certain conditions, Ajwa dates show potential as hormonal modulators that help stabilize the balance of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. The conclusion of this review suggests that Ajwa dates have the potential to support the regulation of male reproductive hormones, although further clinical studies are still required.

The Relationship Between Diabetes Mellitus and Cataract Incidence at the JEC Orbita Makassar Main Eye Clinic

Fri, 05 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic non-communicable disease with an increasing incidence rate and the potential to cause various complications, including ocular disorders such as cataracts. Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide and occur more frequently in DM patients due to chronic hyperglycemia that accelerates lens opacity. This study aims to determine the relationship between diabetes mellitus and the occurrence of cataracts at the JEC Orbita Eye Clinic in Makassar. This is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design using a quantitative approach. Data were obtained from patient medical records in January 2025-December 2025. The sample was taken using a total sampling method with a total of 250 patients. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test. Out of 250 patients, the largest age group was ≥ 60 years (36.8%), followed by 45–59 years (33.2%). The gender distribution was balanced between males and females (50% each). A total of 205 patients (82%) had diabetes mellitus. The Chi-Square test showed a significant association between diabetes mellitus and cataract (p < 0.05). Cataract was more commonly found in adult and elderly patients with a balanced gender proportion. Most cataract patients had diabetes mellitus, and there was a significant association between diabetes mellitus and cataract.

Case Report: Triple Negative Ulcerated Breast Cancer with Immunosuppressive Cold Tumor Environment

Iin Asriani, Andy Visi Kartika, M. Akram Chalid — Tue, 09 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide according to Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) data. One aggressive clinical form is ulcerative breast cancer, which is often categorized as locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). We report a case of a 42-year-old woman presenting with a left breast mass for 7 months that progressively developed into an ulcer with brownish, tea-colored discharge, without pain in the early phase and without systemic symptoms. Physical examination revealed an ulcerative mass with irregular margins, granulation tissue, and superficial collateral veins. Histopathological findings from FNAB and incisional biopsy confirmed invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (NST), WHO grade 3, with lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI+). Radiological evaluation showed no distant metastasis. The absence of pain and systemic inflammation in this case may be associated with the predominance of immunosuppressive cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β, which suppress nociceptor activation and systemic inflammatory responses, despite ongoing local inflammation. Management was carried out using a multimodal approach including supportive therapy, antibiotics, and planned mastectomy as definitive treatment. This case highlights the importance of clinical vigilance, as ulcerative breast cancer may progress without significant systemic symptoms.

Development of a Portable Digital Device Based on a Gas Sensor for Self-Detection of Halitosis

Shafa Marwah Aurilla Kusdinar, Diyah Fatmasari, Supriyana — Thu, 11 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Halitosis is a highly prevalent oral health problem that impacts quality of life and social interactions. However, it often goes undetected due to individuals' limited ability to recognize their own breath odor. The limitations of available examination methods, which are often subjective and impractical for self-monitoring, highlight the need for a portable and user-friendly device. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the feasibility of a portable gas sensor-based prototype for self-monitoring oral malodor indicators. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach consisting of needs identification, prototype development, expert validation, and user feasibility testing involving 50 respondents. Content validity was assessed using Aiken’s V, while user acceptance was evaluated descriptively based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The results showed an Aiken’s V value of 0.916, indicating very high validity in terms of functionality, design, and usability. User feasibility testing demonstrated positive acceptance, with the prototype perceived as useful, practical, and easy to use. These findings indicate that the developed prototype is feasible and acceptable as a self-monitoring tool to support oral health awareness. Further studies are required to evaluate technical performance and clinical validity before wider implementation.

Pathophysiological Mechanisms Linking Myocardial Infarction to Cardiac Arrest: A Literature Review

Thu, 11 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death worldwide. The pathophysiological link involves complex interactions between cellular, electrophysiological, hemodynamic, and neurohormonal mechanisms. The objective of the research to comprehensively review the pathophysiological mechanisms linking myocardial infarction to cardiac arrest. The methods of the research was a descriptive-analytic literature review was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar databases (2021–2025). Study selection followed PRISMA guidelines. The results of the showed that eight studies were included. Key mechanisms include myocardial ischemia leading to ATP depletion and acidosis, ionic imbalance, arrhythmogenic substrate formation, sympathetic overactivation, inflammatory response and oxidative stress, and hemodynamic collapse. Cardiac arrest following MI is primarily driven by fatal ventricular arrhythmias and pump failure. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for improving prevention and management strategies.

Application of Mozart Classical Music Therapy to Reduce Auditory Hallucinations in Mentally Ill Patients in the Larasati Room of Dr. Arif Zainuddin Surakarta

Reyhanna Rizqi Utami, Arif Widodo — Fri, 12 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Auditory hallucinations are one of the most common positive symptoms experienced by patients with mental disorders and can disrupt psychological and social functioning, as well as their quality of life. Treatment of auditory hallucinations is generally through pharmacological therapy, but non-pharmacological interventions are needed as complementary therapies to improve the holistic success of treatment. One such non-pharmacological intervention is Mozart's classical music therapy. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Mozart's classical music therapy in reducing auditory hallucinations in patients with mental disorders in the Larasati Ward of Dr. Arif Zainuddin Hospital, Surakarta. This study used a case study design with a nursing care approach. The subjects were two patients with mental disorders experiencing auditory hallucinations, selected purposively according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Mozart classical music therapy intervention was administered for approximately 15–20 minutes, three times a week for one month. Data were collected through a nursing assessment using interviews and observations, which included subjective and objective data before and after the intervention. Data analysis was conducted descriptively by comparing the patients' conditions before and after the intervention. The study showed a reduction in auditory hallucination symptoms after Mozart classical music therapy. Subjectively, patients reported a reduction in the number of voices or whispers they heard. Objectively, patients appeared calmer, more relaxed, more cooperative, decreased the frequency of self-talk, and were able to focus during therapy. The conclusion of this study is that Mozart classical music therapy is effective as a non-pharmacological nursing intervention in reducing auditory hallucinations in patients with mental disorders and can be recommended as a supportive therapy in psychiatric nursing care.

Promoting Safety in Culinary Training Laboratories: A Systematic Review of Strategies, Barriers, and Facilitators

Fri, 19 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Educational kitchen laboratories present unique occupational safety challenges, yet systematic evidence on effective safety promotion remains fragmented. Young trainees are particularly vulnerable, with recent data indicating that workers aged 15-24 experience work-related injuries at rates up to 2.3 times higher than their adult counterparts. This underscores a pressing need for evidence-based safety interventions within vocational culinary education. This systematic literature review aimed to analyze safety promotion strategies and identify common barriers and facilitators in educational and vocational kitchen settings to propose an integrated safety framework. Guided by the PRISMA 2020 framework, a systematic search was conducted across the Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases for studies published between January 2015 and August 2025. From 5,124 initial records, 22 relevant studies were selected for synthesis after a rigorous screening process involving explicit inclusion/exclusion criteria. Thematic analysis was performed to synthesize the findings. The analysis revealed six key strategy themes: (1) educational interventions, (2) behavioral models, (3) technology-enhanced learning, (4) ergonomic improvements, (5) community-based learning, and (6) policy frameworks. Key barriers included persistent cognitive misconceptions (e.g., optimistic bias) and inadequate physical infrastructure. Conversely, critical facilitators involved the use of interactive and visual tools, strong institutional support, and stakeholder engagement. Promoting safety in culinary training environments requires a multidimensional approach that integrates behavioral, technological, and infrastructural strategies. This review synthesizes these determinants into a comprehensive framework, offering an evidence-based map for designing safer and more effective vocational education programs. Effective implementation is critical for fostering a resilient safety culture.

Referral Description of Placenta Previa Cases at Dr. Soedarso Regional Hospital, Pontianak

Fri, 19 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Placenta previa is a condition during pregnancy where the placenta is positioned near or covering the cervix, potentially complicating delivery. Maternal mortality rates during specific periods and times identify causes of maternal death. Emergencies in pregnancy are exacerbated by delays in treatment processes, accessing appropriate healthcare facilities late, and receiving services from competent healthcare providers late. Quick responses include referrals when basic healthcare facilities lack supportive infrastructure for healthcare providers' actions. Research is conducted to provide an overview of referral cases of placenta previa in pregnant women during the 2020-2023 period at RSUD Dr. Soedarso Pontianak. Knowing the patient referral overview for cases of placenta previa at RSUD Dr. Soedarso Pontianak. The collected data were analyzed in the form of descriptive statistics, processed using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) software 26.0. Data analysis in this study utilized univariate analysis including frequency distribution in percentages to determine the frequency or mode (most frequent). The results from SPSS 26.0 processing indicated that: 90 patients were referred (68.7%), and 41 patients were not referred (31.3%). Age distribution: <20 years old, 1 person (0.8%); 20-35 years old, 87 people (66.4%); >35 years old, 43 people (32.8%). Infant status: Alive, 130 infants (99.2%); Deceased, 1 infant (0.8%). Employment status: Employed, 25 people (19.1%); Unemployed, 106 people (80.9%). Hemoglobin levels (Anemia): Very mild, 61 people (19.1%); Mild, 52 people (39.7%); Moderate, 12 people (9.2%); Severe, 6 people (4.6%). Conclusion: The mechanism and implementation of referral services for patients with placenta previa at RSUD Dr. Soedarso Pontianak run smoothly, as evidenced by the higher number of patients referred from primary healthcare facilities compared to those who came directly to the hospital.

Literature Review: Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis (GIOP) Therapy Based on Current Evidence

Atika Ananda Putri, Ida Royani, Prema Hapsari Hidayati — Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis (GIOP) is the most common form of secondary osteoporosis resulting from long-term glucocorticoid use and is associated with an increased risk of fracture. The management of GIOP continues to evolve as new evidence emerges regarding pharmacological therapy, sequential strategies, and fracture risk-based approaches. This article aims to review glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) therapy based on the current evidence. This study is a literature review with a search of articles from the PubMed database between 2023 and 2026. The literature used includes original research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical guidelines relevant to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). Current evidence suggests that glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) therapy includes bisphosphonates as first-line therapy, denosumab as an alternative in certain at-risk patients, and teriparatide in high-risk patients. Sequential therapy approaches (anabolic-to-antiresorptive) and treat-to-target strategies have been shown to be more effective in increasing and maintaining bone mass. Current evidence-based therapy for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) emphasizes an individualized, risk-based approach with a combination of pharmacological therapy, calcium and vitamin D supplementation, lifestyle modification, and regular monitoring. This comprehensive approach is essential to reduce fracture risk and improve quality of life in patients taking long-term glucocorticoids.

The Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Assertive Behavior Among Members of Student Organizations at Muhammadiyah University of Gorontalo

Lenny Syamsuddin, Rahmawaty Parman, Shulistia Syah Buna — Fri, 26 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to determine the relationship between self-esteem and assertive behavior among members of student organizations at the University of Muhammadiyah Gorontalo. Self-esteem is an individual's subjective assessment of themselves, while assertive behavior is an individual's ability to express feelings, opinions, and personal rights honestly and openly without harming others. This study used a quantitative correlational method with a sample of 195 students who are members of campus organizations, selected using a simple random sampling technique. The instruments used were a self-esteem scale and an assertive behavior scale compiled based on the theories of Coopersmith and Alberti & Emmons. Data analysis was conducted using normality, linearity, and Pearson Product Moment correlation tests. The results of the analysis showed a positive and significant relationship between self-esteem and assertive behavior, with a correlation value (r) of 0.325 and a significance value (p) = 0.000 (p < 0.05). This means that the higher a person's self-esteem, the higher their assertive behavior. This study concludes that self-esteem plays a role in shaping assertive behavior, although it is not the only factor influencing it.

The Effect of Dysmenorrhea Exercises on Menstrual Pain Intensity in Adolescent Girls at SMPN 1 Tumpang

Febriana Dian Reza, Nila Widya Keswara, Retno Dewi Prisusanti — Fri, 26 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The prevalence of menstrual pain, or dysmenorrhea, among adolescent girls remains quite high, and this condition often presents a significant obstacle to their learning. This study was conducted with the specific objective of examining the effectiveness of dysmenorrhea exercise interventions in reducing menstrual pain levels among female students at SMPN 1 Tumpang. Using a quasi-experimental method with a non-equivalent control group design, this study sought to examine the effect of physical activity on student comfort. The population involved included all seventh-grade female students experiencing menstrual pain, with a sample of 30 respondents determined using a simple random sampling technique. All respondents were grouped into two categories: the intervention group and the control group. Pain levels were measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the intervention to ensure data accuracy. Statistical data processing was performed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test to assess changes within groups and the Mann-Whitney test to compare differences between groups. The test results demonstrated a significant reduction in pain intensity in respondents who received the exercise intervention, with the average pain level dropping from moderate to mild. This contrasted with the control group, which tended to remain stable and showed no significant change in pain levels. Based on these statistical tests, it can be concluded that the application of dysmenorrhea exercises has a significant effect on reducing menstrual pain. These findings also confirm that dysmenorrhea exercises can be a safe, practical, and efficient alternative non-drug self-help solution for adolescent girls to address discomfort during the menstrual cycle.

A Phenomenological Study of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices among the Banjar Ethnic Community in the Working Area of Karang Intan 1 Community Health Center

Anila Iliani, Herawati, Hardyan Sauqi, Adi Nugroho, Nelly Al Audhah — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Exclusive breastfeeding coverage in Indonesia remains below the national target of 80%. In the service area of Karang Intan 1 Community Health Center, the coverage was only 17.3%, contributing to the high prevalence of stunting. This study aimed to explore the experiences of exclusive breastfeeding among the Banjar tribe from socio-ecological and cultural perspectives. A qualitative study with a phenomenological design was conducted involving 27 participants, including breastfeeding mothers, husbands, family members, traditional and religious leaders, and health workers. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed thematically using Bronfenbrenner’s Social Ecology Theory and Leininger’s Sunrise Model. The findings showed that exclusive breastfeeding practices are influenced by interactions among family, community, and cultural environments. Support from husbands and parents was essential but often conflicted with traditional practices, such as pre-lactation feeding and postpartum dietary restrictions. Community health cadres and local leaders strengthened social support, while adapting the local Bedadah tradition promoted acceptance of breastfeeding messages. However, formula milk promotion remained a major barrier. The study concludes that exclusive breastfeeding among the Banjar tribe is shaped by the interaction of cultural beliefs, family support, and community influences. Improving breastfeeding outcomes requires culturally sensitive health education, active involvement of family and community leaders, and reinforcement of local cultural values that encourage exclusive breastfeeding.